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How to create a GitHub Pull Request

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what-is-gihub

GitHub is a robust platform that enables developers to manage their software development projects efficiently, collaborate with others, and maintain a complete history of changes and versions.

This blog guides you through commands to make a pull request to a GitHub repository to learn how to contribute to open-source projects.

Table of Contents​

What is GitHub?​

GitHub is a web-based platform that provides hosting and collaboration services for Git version control repositories.

GitHub has a vast collection of open-source projects and a robust developer community, making it a crucial tool for modern software development.

What is a pull request in GitHub​

github-pull-requeste.png

A pull request is a feature in GitHub that allows developers to propose changes to a project's codebase. It is essentially a request to the project's maintainers to review and merge a set of changes into the main branch of the repository.

To create a pull request in GitHub, a developer first forks the project's repository, creates a new branch, and then makes changes to the codebase. Once the changes are complete, the developer can open a pull request on the project's main repository to request that their changes be reviewed and potentially merged into the main branch.

The pull request allows the project maintainers and other developers to review the proposed changes, comment on them, and suggest modifications. This review process is important to ensure that the codebase remains stable, maintainable, and free from errors. Once the proposed changes have been reviewed and approved, the project maintainers can merge them into the main branch of the repository.

Overall, pull requests are an important tool in GitHub that allows developers to collaborate on a project's codebase, and ensure that changes are reviewed and merged in a controlled and organized manner.

How to install and configure Git​

Step 1: Prerequisites​

  • Installed Git
  • GitHub account
  • Configure Git

Step 2: How to install Git​

Please refer to Installing Git to complete the operating system installation process if you need to install it.

installing-git.png

Step 3: How to configure Git​

  • Enter the command ssh-**keygen** -t rsa in the local terminal, and click Enter three times in a row to generate and copy the key.
ssh-keygen -t rsa

how-to-configure-git

  • Log in to GitHub, click the avatar in the upper right corner, find Settings, and open it. Find the SSH and GPG keys in the left directory of the settings page and open it.

ssh-key

  • The new page with a green button New SSH key will appear on the right side, and click to open it . Fill in the Title, and paste the copied key into the blank space of the Key to complete the configuration.

add-ssh-key

  • Enter the following commands in the local terminal to complete the configuration of username and email.
git config --global user.name "<your-github-id>"
git config --global user.email <your-email@example.com>

How to clone GitHub repository​

Before getting started, you need to choose an open-source GitHub project you want to contribute to. Let's take the open-source project Vanus as an example.

Step 1: Fork GitHub repository​

fork-github-repository

  • Click the Create fork button.

create-fork

  • Screenshot after Fork to your own account.

fork.png

Step 2: Clone the repository​

  • Click the green button Code on the Vanus repository page, select SSH and copy the address.

clone-repository

Step 3: Clone to the local terminal​

  • Open your terminal or Git Bash if you are using Windows.
  • Navigate to the directory where you want to clone the repository. Type git clone followed by the copied link.
 git clone git@github.com:VedaGao/vanus.git
  • Press Enter to clone the repository.

img

How to push to GitHub​

Pushing to GitHub involves sending your local changes to the remote repository on GitHub. Here are the steps to push to GitHub:

Step 1: Add changes​

  • After completing your contribution to an open-source project, stage the changes you want to push using the command git add. For example, if you want to stage all changes, use the command git add ..
git add .

Step 2: Commit the changes​

  • Commit the changes using the command git commit -m "Your commit message here". Make sure to include a meaningful commit message that describes the changes you made
git commit -m "12345"

commit-changes

Step 3: Push changes to the remote repository​

  • Push your changes to the remote repository on GitHub using the command git push. If you haven't set the upstream branch, you may need to specify the remote and branch name using git push \<remote> \<branch>. For example, git push origin main.
git push origin main

Note: If you're pushing to a branch you haven't pushed to before, you may be prompted to create a new branch on the remote repository. Follow the instructions to create the branch.

That's it! Your local changes have now been pushed to your remote repository on GitHub.

How to create a Pull Request​

Step 1: Create a pull request​

  • Go to the original repository on GitHub and click the New pull request button. Select your forked repository and the branch you just created, then click Create pull request.

create-pull-request

Step 2: Describe changes​

  • Give a brief description of the changes you made, why they are necessary, and any potential issues you see.

open-pull-request

Step 3: Submit pull request​

  • Click the Create pull request button to submit your pull request.

GitHub pull request template​

gitHub-pull-request-template

Once you have submitted the pull request, the repository owners will receive a notification and will review your changes. They may provide feedback or ask for additional changes before merging your pull request into the main codebase.